Understanding the Importance of Diastolic Pressure Why it is Not Zero

Understanding the Importance of Diastolic Pressure: Why it is Not Zero

Blood pressure is a vital sign that measures the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as it circulates through the body. It is measured using two numbers: systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats, and diastolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. While systolic pressure is often given more attention, diastolic pressure is equally important. In this article, we will explore the importance of diastolic pressure and why it is not zero.

What is Diastolic Pressure?

Diastolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. It is the second number in a blood pressure reading, and is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). A normal diastolic pressure reading is below 80 mmHg, while a reading of 80 mmHg or higher is considered high.

Why is Diastolic Pressure Important?

Diastolic pressure is an important indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the resistance of the blood vessels to blood flow, and is influenced by factors such as blood volume, blood viscosity, and the elasticity of the arterial walls. High diastolic pressure is a risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

Diastolic pressure is also an important factor in determining the overall blood pressure reading. A high systolic pressure reading combined with a normal diastolic pressure reading is known as isolated systolic hypertension, and is a common condition in older adults. This condition is associated with an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

Why is Diastolic Pressure Not Zero?

Diastolic pressure is not zero because the heart is never completely at rest between beats. Even during diastole, the heart is still contracting slightly to maintain blood flow through the arteries. This contraction, known as atrial systole, contributes to the pressure in the arteries during diastole.

In addition, the elasticity of the arterial walls also plays a role in diastolic pressure. As blood flows through the arteries, the walls expand and contract to accommodate the changes in blood volume. This elasticity helps to maintain a constant pressure in the arteries during diastole.

What Causes High Diastolic Pressure?

High diastolic pressure can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

- Age: As we age, the arteries become less elastic, which can lead to higher diastolic pressure.

- Obesity: Excess weight can put strain on the heart and increase diastolic pressure.

- Smoking: Smoking can damage the arterial walls and increase the risk of high diastolic pressure.

- Stress: Chronic stress can cause the body to release hormones that can raise blood pressure.

- Kidney disease: The kidneys play a key role in regulating blood pressure, so any damage to the kidneys can lead to high diastolic pressure.

Treatment for High Diastolic Pressure

Treatment for high diastolic pressure typically involves lifestyle changes and/or medication. Lifestyle changes may include:

- Losing weight: Losing excess weight can help lower diastolic pressure.

- Eating a healthy diet: A diet low in salt and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help lower blood pressure.

- Exercising regularly: Regular exercise can help improve cardiovascular health and lower blood pressure.

- Quitting smoking: Quitting smoking can help lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

Medications that may be used to treat high diastolic pressure include diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers.

Conclusion

Diastolic pressure is an important indicator of cardiovascular health, and is influenced by a variety of factors, including age, obesity, smoking, and stress. While it is not zero, it is equally important as systolic pressure in determining overall blood pressure re