Artemisinin Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of artemisinin is 282.332 g/mol.
Artemisinin, also known by its chemical name qinghaosu, is a sesquiterpene lactone with a unique endoperoxide bridge. This natural compound is derived from the sweet wormwood plant (Artemisia annua) and has become a crucial component in the global fight against malaria. Here are some additional details related to artemisinin's molecular properties:
Chemical Formula: C15H22O5
Exact Mass: 282.146718 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 282.146718 g/mol
Structural Features:
Contains 15 carbon atoms
Has 22 hydrogen atoms
Includes 5 oxygen atoms
Features a unique peroxide bridge (endoperoxide)
Physical Properties:
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Melting Point: 152-157掳C (305.6-314.6掳F)
Solubility: Poorly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
Chirality: Artemisinin has several chiral centers, making it optically active
IUPAC Name: (3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,12S,12aR)-Octahydro-3,6,9-trimethyl-3,12-epoxy-12H-pyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-benzodioxepin-10(3H)-one
CAS Number: 63968-64-9
Derivatives: Several semi-synthetic derivatives of artemisinin have been developed with improved pharmacokinetic properties, including:
Artesunate (molecular weight: 384.421 g/mol)
Artemether (molecular weight: 298.374 g/mol)
Dihydroartemisinin (molecular weight: 284.348 g/mol)
Biosynthesis: Artemisinin is produced via the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway in A. annua
Stability: The endoperoxide bridge is crucial for antimalarial activity but makes the molecule relatively unstable, especially in the presence of light or heat
Pharmacokinetics: Artemisinin has a short half-life in the body, typically around 2-3 hours
Understanding the molecular weight and other chemical properties of artemisinin is crucial for pharmaceutical formulation, drug delivery strategies, and the development of new antimalarial compounds. The unique structure of artemisinin, particularly its endoperoxide bridge, is key to its potent antimalarial activity.
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