Antianginal Drugs_ Key Structures and Chemical Features

Antianginal Drugs: Key Structures and Chemical Features

Nitrates

Structure: Organic nitrates (R-ONO2)

Key features:

Nitrate ester group (-ONO2)

Aliphatic or aromatic backbone

Example: Nitroglycerin (Glyceryl trinitrate)

Structure: CH2(ONO2)-CH(ONO2)-CH2(ONO2)

Key features:

Three nitrate ester groups

Glycerol backbone

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Beta-Blockers

General structure: Aryloxypropanolamine

Key features:

Aromatic ring

Ether linkage

Propanolamine side chain

Example: Metoprolol

Structure: 1-[4-(2-Methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol

Key features:

Para-substituted phenoxy group

Isopropylamine group

Secondary alcohol

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Calcium Channel Blockers

Dihydropyridine subclass

Example: Amlodipine

Structure: 3-Ethyl 5-methyl 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

Key features:

1,4-Dihydropyridine ring

Ester groups at positions 3 and 5

Chlorophenyl substituent

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Ranolazine

Structure: 1-Piperazineacetamide, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]-, (卤)-

Key features:

Piperazine ring

Phenoxy group

Secondary alcohol

Amide linkage

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Ivabradine

Structure: 3-{3-[{[(7S)-3,4-Dimethoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-trien-7-yl]methyl}(methyl)amino]propyl}-7,8-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydro-1H-3-benzazepin-4-one

Key features:

Benzazepinone core

Bicyclo[4.2.0]octane system

Multiple methoxy groups

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Trimetazidine

Structure: 1-[(2,3,4-Trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine

Key features:

Piperazine ring

Trimethoxyphenyl group

Methylene linker

These structures highlight the diverse chemical features of antianginal drugs, illustrating how different molecular architectures can target various physiological mechanisms to alleviate angina symptoms. Understanding these structures is crucial for medicinal chemists in developing new and improved antianginal therapies.