Antihypertensive Drugs: A Comprehensive Table
Here's a comprehensive table of antihypertensive drugs, categorized by class, including generic names, common brand names, and their primary mechanisms of action:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Drug Class</th>
<th>Generic Name</th>
<th>Common Brand Names</th>
<th>Primary Mechanism of Action</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>ACE Inhibitors</td>
<td>Lisinopril</td>
<td>Prinivil, Zestril</td>
<td>Inhibits ACE, reducing angiotensin II production</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Enalapril</td>
<td>Vasotec</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Ramipril</td>
<td>Altace</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Benazepril</td>
<td>Lotensin</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARBs</td>
<td>Losartan</td>
<td>Cozaar</td>
<td>Blocks angiotensin II receptors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Valsartan</td>
<td>Diovan</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Irbesartan</td>
<td>Avapro</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Olmesartan</td>
<td>Benicar</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calcium Channel Blockers</td>
<td>Amlodipine</td>
<td>Norvasc</td>
<td>Blocks calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac cells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Nifedipine</td>
<td>Procardia, Adalat</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Diltiazem</td>
<td>Cardizem, Tiazac</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Verapamil</td>
<td>Calan, Isoptin</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Beta-Blockers</td>
<td>Metoprolol</td>
<td>Lopressor, Toprol-XL</td>
<td>Blocks beta-adrenergic receptors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Atenolol</td>
<td>Tenormin</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Propranolol</td>
<td>Inderal</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Carvedilol</td>
<td>Coreg</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Thiazide Diuretics</td>
<td>Hydrochlorothiazide</td>
<td>Microzide</td>
<td>Increases sodium and water excretion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Chlorthalidone</td>
<td>Thalitone</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Indapamide</td>
<td>Lozol</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Loop Diuretics</td>
<td>Furosemide</td>
<td>Lasix</td>
<td>Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Bumetanide</td>
<td>Bumex</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Torsemide</td>
<td>Demadex</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Potassium-Sparing Diuretics</td>
<td>Spironolactone</td>
<td>Aldactone</td>
<td>Blocks aldosterone receptors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Eplerenone</td>
<td>Inspra</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alpha-Blockers</td>
<td>Doxazosin</td>
<td>Cardura</td>
<td>Blocks alpha-1 adrenergic receptors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Prazosin</td>
<td>Minipress</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Terazosin</td>
<td>Hytrin</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Direct Vasodilators</td>
<td>Hydralazine</td>
<td>Apresoline</td>
<td>Directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Minoxidil</td>
<td>Loniten</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Centrally Acting Agents</td>
<td>Clonidine</td>
<td>Catapres</td>
<td>Stimulates central alpha-2 adrenergic receptors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Methyldopa</td>
<td>Aldomet</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Renin Inhibitors</td>
<td>Aliskiren</td>
<td>Tekturna</td>
<td>Directly inhibits renin</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
This table provides a quick reference for the main classes of antihypertensive drugs, their generic names, common brand names, and primary mechanisms of action. It's important to note that:
Brand names may vary by country or region.
Some medications may have multiple mechanisms of action.
Combination drugs (containing two or more antihypertensive agents) are not included in this table.
The choice of medication depends on various factors, including the patient's age, comorbidities, and potential side effects.
Always consult current clinical guidelines and prescribing information for the most up-to-date recommendations on antihypertensive therapy.
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