Canker_ A Common Oral Ailment

Canker: A Common Oral Ailment

Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are a type of mouth sore that affects millions of people worldwide. These small, shallow lesions develop on the soft tissues in your mouth or at the base of your gums. While they're not contagious, canker sores can be painful and make eating, drinking, and talking uncomfortable.

Canker sores typically appear as round or oval spots with a white or yellow center and a red border. They can vary in size from a few millimeters to over a centimeter in diameter. Most canker sores heal on their own within one to two weeks, but larger ones may take up to six weeks to heal completely.

The exact cause of canker sores isn't fully understood, but several factors may contribute to their development:

Minor mouth injuries from dental work, aggressive brushing, or accidental cheek bites

Food sensitivities, particularly to acidic or spicy foods

Nutritional deficiencies, especially in vitamin B-12, zinc, folate, or iron

Hormonal changes during menstruation

Emotional stress or lack of sleep

Certain medical conditions, such as celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease

Family history, suggesting a genetic predisposition

Symptoms of canker sores include:

A tingling or burning sensation before the sore appears

Pain or discomfort in the affected area

Difficulty eating, drinking, or speaking when the sore is active

While canker sores often heal on their own, several treatments can help manage symptoms and promote faster healing:

Over-the-counter topical medications containing benzocaine or fluocinonide

Antimicrobial mouth rinses to reduce irritation

Oral pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen

Zinc lozenges or oral zinc supplements

Applying ice or a tea bag to the sore

Dabbing a small amount of milk of magnesia on the ulcer

Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and avoiding irritating foods

To prevent canker sores, consider:

Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

Avoiding foods that seem to trigger outbreaks

Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and brushing gently

Managing stress through relaxation techniques or exercise

Getting adequate sleep and maintaining good overall health

While most canker sores are harmless, consult a healthcare professional if:

Sores are unusually large or painful

They persist for more than three weeks

You experience frequent outbreaks

Sores extend to your lips

You develop a fever along with the sores

Understanding canker sores and how to manage them can help you minimize discomfort and maintain good oral health. If you experience recurring or severe canker sores, it's essential to discuss this with your dentist or doctor to rule out any underlying health conditions and explore more targeted treatment options.