Mouth Ulcers_ Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Mouth Ulcers: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Mouth ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small, painful lesions that develop inside the mouth, usually on the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, or gums. These sores can make eating, drinking, and even talking uncomfortable. While they are generally harmless, they can be quite bothersome and may take a week or two to heal completely.

Causes of mouth ulcers can vary, but some common factors include:

Minor injuries to the mouth, such as accidentally biting the inside of your cheek or brushing too hard

Stress and anxiety

Hormonal changes, particularly in women during menstruation or pregnancy

Certain foods, especially those high in acidity or spice

Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B12, iron, or folic acid

Certain medical conditions, like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease

Allergic reactions to oral hygiene products or medications

Viral infections

Symptoms of mouth ulcers typically include:

Small, round, or oval sores inside the mouth

White, yellow, or gray center with a red border

Pain or discomfort, especially when eating or drinking

Tingling or burning sensation before the ulcer appears

While mouth ulcers usually heal on their own within a week or two, there are several treatments and home remedies that can help alleviate symptoms and promote faster healing:

Rinse your mouth with warm salt water or an antiseptic mouthwash

Apply over-the-counter topical treatments containing benzocaine or lidocaine

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and avoid irritating the affected area

Avoid spicy, acidic, or rough foods that may irritate the ulcer

Apply ice or suck on ice chips to numb the area and reduce pain

Use a straw when drinking to minimize contact with the ulcer

Take over-the-counter pain relievers if necessary

In most cases, mouth ulcers do not require medical attention. However, you should consult a doctor or dentist if:

The ulcers are unusually large or painful

They persist for more than three weeks

You experience frequent outbreaks

You develop a fever or other symptoms along with the ulcers

Prevention is key to reducing the occurrence of mouth ulcers. Some preventive measures include:

Maintaining good oral hygiene

Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals

Managing stress through relaxation techniques or exercise

Avoiding foods that may trigger ulcers

Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and being gentle when brushing

While mouth ulcers can be uncomfortable, they are usually not a cause for serious concern. By understanding their causes, recognizing symptoms, and knowing how to treat them, you can effectively manage these common oral health issues and minimize their impact on your daily life.